Study to Assess Lipid Profile at Various Stages of Hypertension
Venkat Sai Gangapatnam
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Revanth Kumar Nakka
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Kavitha Rasuri
Apollo Hospitals Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
R. Vijay Babu
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Niranjan Kumar Ramalinggam
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Prabakar D
Apollo Hospitals Greams Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The study evaluated the serum lipid profile patterns specifically TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and VLDL-C in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients and To assess the relationship between lipid abnormalities and different grades of hypertension as per ESH 2023 guidelines. Study Design: Retrospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Cardiology, Tertiary Care Hospital. Conducted over 8months (Jan 2025 to Aug 2025).
Methodology: A total of 150 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were included. Hypertension was identified based on: Home measurements, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), OPD/IPD readings. Patients were classified according to ESH 2023 hypertension guidelines into A,B,C Inclusion criteria: Age > 18 years, newly diagnosed hypertensive or pre-hypertensive subjects Exclusion criteria: Prior use of antihypertensive medications, Comorbidities such as diabetes, renal disease. Unwillingness to participate. Serum lipid levels measured: TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and VLDL-C.
Results: The study evaluated the serum lipid profiles across three groups. Mean triglyceride (TG) levels were lowest in Group A (138.59 ± 79.58mg/dl) and showed a progressive increase in Group B (151.30 ± 47.91 mg/dl) and Group C (177.36 ± 21.89 mg/dl), which was statistically significant (p = 0.02).
Mean HDL levels were 47.20 ± 6.31 mg/dl, 48.20 ± 9.94 mg/dl, and 50.02 ± 11.10 mg/dl in Groups A, B, and C, respectively, with no significant difference observed (p = 0.139). LDL levels increased with the severity of hypertension, with values of 74.39 ± 14.21 mg/dl, 121 ± 38.16 mg/dl, and 131.71 ± 47.91mg/dl in Groups A, B, and C, respectively, showing a significant difference among groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, total cholesterol (TC) demonstrated an increasing trend across the groups, with values of 147.38 ± 42.46 mg/dl, 191.59 ± 48.78 mg/dl, and 221.35 ± 46.45 mg/dl for Groups A, B, and C, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study demonstrates a strong association between hypertension severity and lipid abnormalities. Patients with higher grades of hypertension exhibited significantly elevated levels of TC, LDL-C, TG, and VLDL-C.
Keywords: Hypertension, lipid profile, total cholesterol